cố tình
Definition
- Adverb:
- Intentionally, deliberately, on purpose: Indicates that an action is done consciously and with prior intent, not by accident or mistake.
- Willfully, knowingly: Suggests an action performed with full awareness, often implying persistence or stubbornness in carrying it out despite potential consequences.
Usage Examples
- Adverb:
- Anh ấy cố tình làm vỡ chiếc ly. (He intentionally broke the glass.)
- Tôi không cố tình đến muộn. (I did not deliberately arrive late.)
- Họ cố tình phớt lờ cảnh báo. (They willfully ignored the warning.)
Advanced Usage
"cố tình làm ngơ": to deliberately ignore, to turn a blind eye.
- Công ty cố tình làm ngơ trước những vi phạm an toàn. (The company deliberately ignored the safety violations.)
"hành động có tính toán cố tình": a premeditated/calculated action.
- Đây không phải là tai nạn mà là một hành động có tính toán cố tình. (This was not an accident but a premeditated intentional act.)
Variants and Related Words
Cố ý (Adverb/Adjective): Intentionally, deliberate. Often used interchangeably with "cố tình," though "cố ý" can sometimes feel slightly more formal or legalistic.
- Hành vi cố ý gây thương tích. (The act of intentionally causing injury.)
Chủ tâm (Adverb): With intent, purposely. Emphasizes the presence of a specific purpose or aim behind the action.
- Cô ấy chủ tâm chọn màu xanh. (She purposely chose the color blue.)
Synonyms
- Có chủ đích: With a specific purpose/goal.
- Một cách cố ý: In an intentional manner.
Antonyms
- Vô tình: Unintentionally, accidentally, inadvertently.
- Vô ý: Unintentionally, carelessly.
Related Idioms/Phrases
- "Biết rồi cố tình làm": To know full well (the consequences) but do it anyway.
- Anh ta biết rồi cố tình làm, nên phải chịu trách nhiệm. (He knew full well and did it anyway, so he must take responsibility.)